Seasonal migration is one of the most spectacular events in nature; however, detailed mechanisms related to this interesting phenomenon have not been investigated in detail. Chinese tapertail anchovy, Coilia nasus , is a valuable migratory fish of high economic importance and special migratory dimorphism (with certain individuals as non-migratory residents).
In this study, an 870.0 Mb highquality genome was assembled by the combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing. 812.1 Mb of scaffolds were linked to 24 chromosomes using a high-density genetic map from a family of 104 full siblings and their parents. In addition, population sequencing of 96 representative individuals from diverse areas along the putative migration path confirmed the involvement of 150 genes in migratory adaption. Based on integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses, we determined that three Ca 2+ - related pathways are critical for the promotion of migratory adaption. A large number of molecular markers were also identified, which distinguished migratory individuals and non-migratory freshwater residents.
We assembled a chromosome-level genome for the Chinese tapertail anchovy. The genome provided a valuable genetic resource for understanding migratory adaption and population genetics, and will benefit the aquaculture and management of this economically important fish.

Keywords:

• chinese tapertail anchovy
• coilia nasus
• genome and population sequencing
• genome assembly
• migratory dimorphism and adaptation

Read the peer-reviewed publication(s):

(PubMed: 31895412)

Accessions (data generated as part of this study):

BioProject: PRJNA421870
BioProject: PRJNA422339